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The "With" Construction
This section explains the various uses for "with" in GameMaker: Studio.
As indicated in the section Addressing Variables in Other Instances, it is possible to read and change the value of variables in other instances. But in a number of cases you want to do a lot more than just change a single variable with those other instances. For example, imagine that you want to move all the ball objects in your game 8 pixels. You may think that this is achieved simply by the following piece of code:

obj_ball.y = obj_ball.y + 8;

But this is not correct, as the right side of the assignment gets the value of the y-coordinate of the first ball and adds 8 to it. Next this new value is set as y-coordinate of all balls, so the result is that all balls get the same y-coordinate, and even if you use the following:

obj_ball.y += 8;

it will have exactly the same effect because it is simply an abbreviation of the first statement. So how do we achieve this? For this purpose there exists the with statement in GML. Its global form is:

with ()

indicates one or more instances, and for this you can use an instance id, the name of an object (which indicates all instances of this object are to run the code block) or one of the special keywords (all, self, other). is now executed for each of the indicated instances, as if that instance is the current (self) instance. So, to move all instances of the ball object 8 pixels down, you can type:

with (obj_ball) y += 8;

If you want to execute multiple statements, put curly brackets around them, the same as you would around any other program. So for example, to move all balls to a random position, you can use:

with (obj_ball)
{
x = random(room_width);
y = random(room_height);
}

Note that, within the statement(s), the indicated instance has become the target (self) instance that runs the code block, which means that the statements the original instance (that contains the "with" and the code block) has become the other instance. So for example, to move all balls to the position of the current instance, you can type this:

with (obj_ball) { x = other.x; y = other.y; }

The with statement is an extremely powerful tool and is useful in many, many circumstances so it is important that you understand fully how it can be used. To help there are a few more examples of use below:

with (instance_create(x, y, obj_Ball))
{
speed = other.speed;
direction = other.direction;
}

The above code will create an instance of obj_Ball and assign it the speed and direction of the instance that runs the whole code block.

with (instance_nearest(x, y, obj_Ball))
{
instance_destroy();
}

The above code will destroy the instance of obj_Ball nearest to the instance running the code.

var inst;
inst = noone;
with (obj_ball)
{
if str > other.str inst = id;
}
if inst != noone target = inst;

The above code is slightly more complex than previous ones due to it using a local variable. This variable is local to the script and not to the instance and so can be used and accessed by all instances that are referenced within the code block. So, in the code we have set it to the special keyword noone and then use the "with" construction to have every instance of obj_Ball check their "str" variable against that of the instance running the code block. If the value of the variable is larger, then they store their unique id in the "inst" local variable, meaning that at the end of the code, only the instance with a value greater than the calling instance (or the keyword noone if none are larger) will be stored in the local variable inst. For more information on local variables see the section Variables And variable Scope.